Democracy Of Ancient Athens Democracy - 891 Words

Democracy in ancient Athens In ancient Greek life one of their trademarks was the polis, or city state. â€Å"The city-states were small, independent communities which were male-dominated and bound together by race.†(Steven Kreis 2000) Membership in the polis was important and was only passed down to someone within the citizen family, being male. In a polis, citizens are part of a selected part of a group that is superior to the rest of society. The members that are not part of the body of citizens are woman, slaves, and peasants. Men held the power in any given polis. Families that are related by blood in a polis are considered to be strong. The boys would grow up with each other in school and later grow up and fight alongside one another in war. The men would debate in public assemblies, elected a male representative as a magistrate. In the society of the polis citizens were required to participate in military services, intellectual discussions, and religious ceremonies. They were also required to demonstrate and believe in politics and justice. These citizens did not have responsibilities but duties. If they did not uphold their duty they were considered the destruction of their society. Every city-state was unique and different form one another. Not one polis was the same as another. They strived to have their own identity. Ancient Greek was mainly hundreds of city-states among the region acting as their own independent corridor. The importance of the polis is whatShow MoreRelatedAncient Athens : The Birthplace Of Democracy1378 Words   |  6 PagesLemesis Reyes Sec: 27 Although, Ancient Athens is known to be the birthplace of democracy. Nevertheless, in this paper I argue that there are aspects that show that Athenians were not truly democratic because of the restrictions imposed on citizenship such as; age requirement, only males allowed, and the requirement of a birth measure meaning that double descent was required from both an Athenian mother and an Athenian father to be recognized as a citizen regardless of one’s birthplace. It is antitheticalRead MoreAncient Athens: The Prototype for Western Democracy Essays1264 Words   |  6 PagesAncient Athens serves as a beacon within Western antiquity as the center for culture with its cultural advancements impacting the culture of today. Founded nearly 9,000 years ago, Athens formed itself as the center of Greek culture and education during the classical period. Considered the prototype for Western Democracy, it allowed for the rise of a citizenship of voters, something unique in the ancient world. The Athenian love of physical activity culminated in the Olympics, an event that thoughRead MoreThe Founding Fathers Of The United States1705 Words   |  7 PagesBy definition, democracy is a type of political system in which all members share the same level of power, but it is also the framework for the government of multiple countries including the United States of America. Athenian democracy, created near 400 B.C. in Athens, Greece, was a direct system where par ticipating citizens had the opportunity to vote directly on legislative and executive bills. The founding fathers of the United States took the Athenian’s idea and created the idea of â€Å"representativeRead MoreGreece : The Birth Place Of Democracy1087 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 2: HIST 1421 Written Assignment Although Greece is the birth place of Democracy, Greece was not always a democratic country. In many parts of Greece other forms of government ruled. For instance, in Sparta, the government was an oligarchy; and in Athens before democracy, they were an aristocracy. When leaders took over land and their word became law, it was considered a tyranny. Many places ran by a royal family or bloodline were considered monarchy. A monarchy by definition is a form of governmentRead MoreAthenian Democracy Essay examples1278 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world’s governments have converted to democracies. In the Ancient World, there was only one truly notable example of a democratic society: The City-State of Athens. This is actually the birthplace of democracy, where instead of the rich or powerful ruling, it was the citizens of the city-state that held the power. This advanced way of government was so effective and well structured, it even laid the foundations for the development of our own democracy, right here in the United States, over 2,000Read MoreImportance Of The Polis On Ancient Greek Life1608 Words   |  7 PagesMidterm Prompt 1 Discuss the importance of the polis in ancient Greek life, using Athens as an example. Trace the development of democracy in ancient Athens. â€Å"Polis is a term that is used to describe a tight knit small community of Ancient Greek citizens who agreed on certain rules and customs. Usually a polis was centered on a small town and the countryside the surrounded it† (Deering). The polis defined a public and communal space, the Agora, for the purpose of leading public affairs. The affairsRead MoreThe French Revolution Essay examples1018 Words   |  5 Pagessimilarity between the French Revolution and the age of antiquity, more specific Ancient Greece. We shall compare dominant figures of both the French Revolution and Ancient Greece by using examples from writings from both ancient literature and contemporary and giving direct examples to support the ideas in this essay. Furthermore, this essay will discuss how similar the emergence of democracy in Ancient Greece is to the emergence of it in the French Revolution. The FrenchRead MoreAthenian Democracy Influenced Western Political Thought1013 Words   |  5 Pagesshow that ancient Athenian democracy influenced western political thought, specifically, western democracies. By influencing such modern day democracies, ancient Greek culture remains a presence in contemporary life. Introduction Approximately 2500 years ago a series of changes and reformations in political thought led to the creation of the ancient Athenian democracy. Through the changes implemented by Solon and Cleisthenes during the Golden Age of Greece, democracy was born in Athens. AlthoughRead MoreEssay on Athenian definition of democracy1213 Words   |  5 Pages Discuss the Athenian definition of democracy. Is the city state the only kind of state in which true democracy can exist? What happens to democracy when it is applied to a society with a large dispersed population? What are other examples of democratic societies besides Athens? Compare and contrast Athenian democracy with American democracy. Is the United States a democracy in the classical sense of the word? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The ancient Greek word quot;demokratiaquot; was ambiguousRead MoreAthens †¦Democracy Realized?. . . Gregory R. Bowen. History1656 Words   |  7 Pages Athens †¦Democracy Realized? Gregory R. Bowen History 2321: World Civilizations II Feb 20, 2017 The Athenians’ of classical Greece are given credit for being the originators of the democratic model †¦giving inspiration to all future attempts at this system of government. While it was practiced as a direct democracy, with all eligible citizens having the right to vote, the question of just how democratic it really was, must be asked. Who was eligible to vote and participate in political

A Tale of Four Novels - 1596 Words

Charles Dickens once stated, My faith in the people governing is, on the whole, infinitesimal; my faith in the people is, on the whole, illimitable.(Fido 102), this is certainly reflected in A tale of two cities, which is a historical novel written by Dickens that outlines the events of the French Revolution through the story of a French aristocrat named Charles Darnay. Darnay is a Parisian aristocrat that renounces his aristocracy in order to pursue a new life in London where he falls in love with a woman by the name of Lucie Manette after escaping prosecution for treason due to the help of barrister named Sydney Carton. In Paris there is an uprising among the citizens known as the French Revolution, which is caused by the†¦show more content†¦In Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest we see the struggle between the powerful and the powerless just as the citizens in A Tale of Two Cities struggle. We are witnesses to the absolute power of Nurse Ratched who control s all activities which happen in the ward. When Bromden and McMurphy first go to the disturbed ward the reader is introduced to the extent of Ratched’s power that reaches past her own ward and into the disturbed ward. The Disturbed Ward Nurse expresses her concern in response to McMurphy, who questions how long they can stay in the disturbed ward, by saying â€Å"Not very long. I’m afraid †¦ No, you probably won’t be very long – I mean – like you are now. (Kesey 234). The Disturbed Ward Nurse, who wishes that she was able to keep the two patients in her care, expresses that she does not want to have to send patients back to Nurse Ratched as she knows the unfortunate fate they will endure. The extending power of Nurse Ratched is similar to that or the Marqui who states â€Å"Repression is the only lasting philosophy. The dark deference of fear and slavery, my friend†¦ will keep dogs obedient to the whip, as long as this roof†¦ shuts out the sky.† (Dickens 146-147). As the Marquis expressesShow MoreRelatedCanterbury Tales And Beowulf Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf and The Canterbury Tales are two that have been compared for centuries. Based in two different time periods, both novels describe religion, loyalty, and distinguish social classes through characters. In the novel Beowulf, the character Beowulf is known as the â€Å"hero of all heroes,† strong, courageous, and a warrior who is willing to risk his life for his ideals. In The Canterbury Tales, there are twenty-four tales describing characters from a knight to a monk’s tale. As the stories are writtenRead MoreInterpreting the Handmaids Tale657 Words   |  3 PagesInterpreting The Handmaids Tale The Handmaids Tale is distinguished by its various narrative and structural divisions. It contains four different levels of narrative time: the pre-Revolution past, the time of the Revolution itself, the Gileadean period, and the post-Gileadean period (LeBihan 100). In addition, the novel is divided into two frames, both with a first person narrative. Offreds narrative makes up the first frame, while the second frame is provided by the Historical Notes, a transcriptRead More##rtance Of Language In The Handmaids Tale And Nineteen Eighty-Four1315 Words   |  6 PagesContained within the novels The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood and Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell is a fight for power and control – not of land, or political position – but of language. Language is seen within both of these novels as being central to the telling of one’s own story – without the control of power and language, it is not possible to convey the intricacies, thoug hts, feelings and ideas behind these stories. Whether this story is conveyed through a diary, or through cassetteRead MoreAladdin and the Wonderful Lamp1052 Words   |  5 Pages In the novel â€Å"Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp† one can compare the differences of the novel to the movie. There are so many differences between the novel and the movie like for example when in the novel he falls for the princess while spying on her and in the movie it’s a totally different thing because he meets the princess in the street and than he falls for her. So basically the novel and the movie are not similar to each other and their both a lot different. In the Fairy tale version ofRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1249 Words   |  5 PagesDystopian Research Essay: The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood In the words of Erika Gottlieb With control of the past comes domination of the future. A dystopia reflects and discusses major tendencies in contemporary society. The Handmaid s Tale is a dystopian novel written by Margaret Atwood in 1985. The novel follows its protagonist Offred as she lives in a society focused on physical and spiritual oppression of the female identity. Within The Handmaid s Tale it is evident that through the explorationRead MoreThe Golden Age Of Heian1553 Words   |  7 Pagesideas and really made them their own, adding many new ones along the way. The peace and stability, as well as influential literature greatly contributed to this period’s golden legacy. Poetry during this time, most importantly Lady Murasaki s novel, Tale of Genji, reflected this time period and forever changed today s writing, making this era a truly prosperous golden age. This thriving golden age might have flourished, but it started out small, just like any other era. The Heian period beganRead MoreThe River Mountain By N. Scott Momaday Essay1654 Words   |  7 PagesThe Way to Rainy Mountain is a by N. Scott Momaday influential novel in today s time, as it depicts the history of the Kiowa culture of how they came to be, their traditions and beliefs along with the truth of how their culture came to an abrupt end. As Momaday undergoes a journey to visit Rainy Mountain, he creates an identity for himself in the Kiowa culture that is portrayed through his use of memory, setting, and structure. The use of memory is vital to the creation of Momaday s identity withinRead MoreTale Of Two Cities Juxtaposition Analysis980 Words   |  4 Pagesrenowned novel, A Tale of Two Cities. In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens utilizes juxtaposition to add a depth of meaning, specifically to illuminate socioeconomic disparities and unrest during the French Revolution, which is evident through the first chapter, the excessiveness aristocrats and the anguish of the peasants, and Madame Defarge casting darkness and Lucie casting light. Charles Dickens expertly utilizes the stylistic element of juxtaposition in the first chapter of A Tale of TwoRead MoreA Tale of Two Cities800 Words   |  4 Pages Charles Dickens characterizes the settings in his novel, â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities,† through indirect comparison and contrast between Paris and London during the French Revolution, a political and social upheaval from 1789–1799; â€Å"There was a king with a large jaw and a queen with a plain face on the throne of England; there was a king with a large jaw and a queen with a fair face on the throne of France. In both countries it was clearer than crystal to the lords of the State preserves of loaves andRead MoreChildrens Versions of The Cantebury Tales1465 Words   |  6 PagesBeing a work filled with an unprecedented â€Å"wealth of fascinating characters†, Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales has been translated and retold in many versions over the years (Cohen 7-8). Unavoidably translations and retelling require choices made by writers and editors of how to represent things and what to include, which can easily change aspects of the original story. The most difficult retellings may be versions written for children as writers not only have to deal with modernizing the language

Transformation of Political Reality

Question: Discuss about the Transformation of Political Reality. Answer: Introduction Ever since the year 2016 media and journalism has been exposed to overwhelming politics with miscommunications which has spread dubious claims, misinformation and lies(Glasser, 2016). Two prominent instances has instigated and led to the emergence of such unethical conducts Brexit and election of Donald Trumph. Worldwide press and media is deeply alarmed by the spread of such misinformation that can cause harm to the entire world. There has been free spreading of lies arising from ineffective checking form resilient popular propaganda, sexism and racism that led to rise of so-called post-truth era. the era marked a challenge for ethical and fundamentalists in journalism, which altered democracy by creating an impact in the life of people by furnishing them with information that can have impacts of life decisions(Chugrov, 2017). The scope of this current essay focuses on arguments for the topic as analyzed below. Media and journalism supplies relevant information to the world and people believes situation on relying upon such media. Media and journalism hence incorporates greater responsibility to adhere to norms by complying to corporate social responsibility. The rise in ethical concerns in media and journalism have made leading journalists as well as policy makers in the last month of 2016 analyse the potential reason that have led to rise of circulation of misinformation(Tallis, 2016). While multiple journalists have gone on to blaming technology especially social media and internet as Google, Facebook, Twitter for the crisis situation others have admitted that it is their own failures. Politicized press which is deeply flawed along with the entire broadcast system has trapped the bubble leading to vent of frustration of people. I the face of such devastation convenient facing of the situation will alone not be able to help as the majority of crowd in United States along with the entire w orld has been deceived by biased political leaders. The majority of newspaper in US according to Harvard Universitys Nieman Lab which accounted for 360 in number urged people to vote for Hillary Clinton with only 11 newspapers in support for Trumph(Sullivan, 2017). However, such newspapers did not focus on the facts supporting their suggestions. It has been estimated that Trumph reporter from Toronto Star have published over 20 lies a day from his campaigning period till the end of election. The public did not care much about the facts and truths hence did not verify the same, which was reflected once a detailed media performance review took place. There have been multiple warning signs arising from media crisis. Corporate Social responsibility is a an important area for media and journalism due to the multiple stakeholders included in it. There are several expectations tied to media and journals and people take decisions pertaining to their news(Barkho, 2017). There is a great role and reliance of media in corporate social responsibility as viewers are innumerable in number and spread across the globe. The relevant stakeholders of media includes community and society hence the information they furnish needs to comply with highest possible standards in ethics. But in absence of such the debate has extended beyond the scope of truth in the era. It can easily be argued that there is no relevance of ethics in the post Trumph era ever since his election campaign started. Due to this situation Egil Hansen from Norwegian daily newspaper Aftenposten wrote an open letter to Mark Zuckerberg, founder and chief executive of Facebook, Inc(McWilliam, 2017). The Company was accused for abusing of power and furnishing inappropriate information that misled people in large numbers. Apart from concerns in media and journalism there is greater role of internet giants as Google and Facebook which have emerged and developed as a rich technology publishing and news media. These internet giants have capability to distort news and exploit stealth technology with little or no knowledge regarding the prime purpose behind journalism(Beckett, 2016). Though there are large number of followers and people on the social media these days, there remains little scope regarding the purpose and impact of such news(Fuller, 2017). While media and news channels abide by certain relevant and practical codes of conduct, there is no disposition that such internet providers follow. The key to establishing a norm and avoiding any fallacy in information is to adopt corporate social responsibility norms that can be incorporated. The analysis can provide relevance of the aftermath of US presidential elections which resulted in a firestorm of the medial circles. Critics of Donald Trumph made Facebook responsible for spreading of hoax and fake news across their news feed which resulted in people selecting him rather than popular vote of Hillary Clinton(Strong, 2017). There was major discontent and dissatisfaction amongst the US residents as well as non-residents over selection of the Presidential candidate. Majority people in the US however does not have either confidence or faith on the government and blames the media for overuse of their rights. There was several internal rebellion in some of the popular media and journalism houses, also in Facebook as reported by The Guardian. An unofficial task force of employees was created within Facebook for questioning the role of the organization in creation of fake and misleading articles. As Facebook is used over by 145 million Americans and due to the rise of unofficial task forces, Mark Zuckerberg had to address a press conference where he denied any such charges(Laplante, 2007). In regards to ethics, companies such as Facebook need to incorporate in a tool that helps avoid misleading information. News as FBI Agent suspected in Hillary Email Leaks Found Dead in Apparent Murder Suicide or any similar news endorsing Donald Trumph had been supported by social media and later published across major leading newspapers. there are various misleading photos of the campaigns forwarded which resulted in rigging of votes and people getting confused as to who to vote. While press and other po pular media reflects that such kind of information was neither misleading nor led to decisive steps amongst users. But the figures establishing the high circulation of newspapers and followers of social media is a powerful tool that can establish the fact. In absence of ethical norms and corporate social responsibilities of these organizations, there can be greater catastrophes associated with world events. There are absolutely no reigns and control over creator and circular of information. A stringent and more adherent corporate social responsibility norm would have helped in filtering of such information and avoiding them in totality. While social media has to include in algorithms that can filter messages, journalists and newspapers cannot blindly follow and publish any news for the sake of news itself. They have greater responsibility in guiding and providing people with information that is relevant and authentic in all extent. Thus, a norm biding all these parties to adhere to such information needs to be incorporated to avoid failure of such systems and future criticisms. EJN provided that core ethics which imparts impartiality, transparency, humanity and accountability of information can lead to a fine editorial choice. While hu man can edit and filter information related to ethics, machines can decipher such codes. While Mark Zuckerberg and many other popular social media provider argues that their company is a tech one and not a publishing house, there still remains controversy surrounding such facts. Conclusion Analysis of several news and media reports regarding existence of truth reflects that the genuine and authenticity of information has been greatly tampered with. The prevalence of malpractices is greatly reflected from such practice, though the press and media accepted that they furnished such tampered information. There has been several warning signs that is reflected from such communication that has led to rise of fierce criticism amongst various editors and media journalists. Such tampering of vital and critical information has led to controversial rise of imperial power that internet can pose on future of journalism and media industry. This incidence has led to rise of internal rebellion within the industry causing displacement of trust issues. Hence there is a greater ethical and corporate governance concern over the acceptance and spread of such unwanted information. Media needs to follow certain ethical codes of conduct that is prevalent form the case. Reference Lists Barkho, L. (2017). Towards a theory of haktology. Journal of Applied Journalism Media Studies, 3-10. Beckett, C. (2016). What does the Trump triumph mean for journalism, politics and social media?. . LSE European Politics and Policy (EUROPP) Blog. Chugrov, S. V. (2017). Post-Truth: Transformation of Political Reality or Self-Destruction of Liberal Democracy?. . Polis. Political Studies, 42-59. Fuller, S. (2017). Mastering Trumps mastermind: Sebastian Gorka and the struggle between Islam and the West. LSE European Politics and Policy (EUROPP) Blog. Glasser, S. (2016). Covering Politics in a" Post-Truth" America. Brookings Institution Press. Laplante, L. J. (2007). Truth with consequences: Justice and reparations in post-Truth Commission Peru. Human Rights Quarterly, 228-250. McWilliam, E. (2017). Teaching after Trump. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1-5. Strong, S. I. (2017). Alternative Facts and the Post-Truth Society: Meeting the Challenge. . U. Pa. L. Rev. Online, 137-147. Sullivan, S. (2017). What's ontology got to do with it? On nature and knowledge in a political ecology of the'green economy'. Journal of Political Ecology, 217-242. Tallis, B. (2016). Living in Post-truth. New Perspectives. Interdisciplinary . Journal of Central East European Politics and International Relations, , 7-18.

The Apprenticeship Of Duddy Kr Essay Research free essay sample

The Apprenticeship Of Duddy Kr Essay, Research Paper The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz The novel Duddy Kravitz is based in Montreal, Canada during the late nineteenth and early 20th century. The cardinal characteristics of the work by Mordecai Richler that strikes me, is that during this period possessing land was really of import to people in Canada. Canada usage to hold lands divided amongst the category and race of the people. A adult male without land is a cipher is an of import statement giving by Duddy s gramps. Duddy ; hence, was in hunt of a piece of land to have. The images that stands out the most is how Duddy is a immature male child, who ever wants to be person he is non. His changeless shave to acquire a beared and the manner he acts shows he wants to be an grownup. This fresh makes me believe about my hereafter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Apprenticeship Of Duddy Kr Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you stick by your dreams, you can carry through it. Don t allow anyone acquire in your manner. This novel makes me experience more concern and scared about my hereafter. Duddy is the same age as myself in the novel and knows what he wants. I don t even know what I want or do with my life. It puts me in a optimistic temper about my approaching old ages and the picks I have to get down doing. What I like about T his novel is that Duddy is a determined and strong character. He does non give up on his ends and does whatever necessary to carry through them. What I did non like about the novel is that some of the chapters were confounding to understand. It went to another scene or different characters without a smooth debut which confuses me. I was still anticipating to go on off with the old chapter. The fresh reminds me of my uncle. He was determined to travel back to school and didn Ts allow anything halt him. My positions did alteration as I read the novel. Before I believed you are the 1 who makes yourself the manner you are. Peoples that come into your life are the 1s who changes you and makes you the manner you are. The thoughts that challenged me by reading this novel is how we handle our relationships towards the 1s we love and the 1s we hate. My overall response to Duddy Kravitz is that its an enjoying and larning experience novel. Life does hold a significance, and we are here for a ground. Sometimes one time you have fulfilled the dreams and ends we want, we loose things in return. That s how life is. We merely have to cover with it. Material things are non everything and friends and household are much more of import.

Lab Report Gas Diffusion Essays

Lab Report Gas Diffusion Essays Lab Report Gas Diffusion Paper Lab Report Gas Diffusion Paper A lump of sugar added to a cup f black coffee eventually dissolves and then diffuses uniformly throughout the coffee. Perfume presents a pleasant fragrance which is imparted throughout the surrounding atmosphere. These are examples of mass transfer. Mass transfer plays a very important role in many industrial processes: the removal of pollutants from plant discharge streams by absorption, the striping of gases from wastewater, neutron diffusion within nuclear reactors, the diffusion of adsorbed substances within the pores of activated carbon, the rate of catcalled chemical and biological reactions, and air conditioning are typical examples.. Mass transfer takes place in either gas phase or liquid phase or in both cases simultaneously. When a liquid evaporates into a still gas, vapor is transferred from the surface to the bulk of gas as a result of the concentration gradient. This process continues until the gas is saturated and the concentration gradient is reduced to zero. In a still fluid or in a fluid flowing under streamline conditions in a direction of right angles to the concentration gradient, the transfer is affected by random motion of the molecules. Molecular diffusion or molecular transport can be defined as the transfer or movement of individual molecules wrought a fluid by means of the random, individual movements of the molecules. Whenever a particular molecule of this mixture diffuses, it must diffuse through other molecules; consequently, in almost every practical example there are at least two components present and possibly more. The molecular diffusion process is shown schematically in the below figure. A random path that molecule A might take in diffusing through B molecules from point (1) to (2) is shown. If there are a greater number of A molecules near point (1) than at (2), then, since molecules diffuse randomly in direction, more A molecules will diffuse from (1) o (2) than from (2) to (1). The net diffusion of A is from high-to-low concentration regions. Molecule A Molecule B Diffusion is explained in this experiment through the First Picks Law. The first Picks Law states that the molar diffusion flux of A in B at a certain direction (say Z), is proportional to the negative of the concentration gradient of A in that direction: [pica Molar diffusion flux is defined as the molar diffusion flow rate (nab) per cross sectional area unit of diffusion (L): [pica First Picks law is turned to an equation by introducing a coefficient named effusion coefficient of Main B or diffusivity of A in B, DAB: [pica] (1) where [pica is the molar flux of A in the z is the diffusion coefficient of A in B. Its dimension is LET-1 and thus the unit is mm/s, and [pica]is the concentration gradient in z direction. Equation (1) is applicable for only general cases. If the diffusion occurs for either one kind of molecules into a gas composed of molecules of the same mass velocity and free paths, the equation is incomplete. Since the rate of transfer of A in a mixture of two components, A and B, will be determined not only by the rate of diffusion of A, but also by the behavior of B, Picks Law can be presented in another form. The molar flow rate A per unit cross sectional area, due to molecular motion is given by: [pica (2) where AN is the molar rate of diffusion of A per unit area, DAB is the diffusion coefficient of A in B, CA is the molar concentration of A, y is the distance in the direction of diffusion. The corresponding rate of diffusion of B is given by: If the total pressure and the total molar concentration is constant, [pica and[pica] must be equal and opposite and therefore A and B tend to diffuse in opposite directions. In many processes B will neither remain stationary nor effuse at an equal and opposite molar rate of A. Exact calculations relating to this type of problems are difficult. If turbulent flow of fluid occurs, eddy diffusion takes place in addition to molecular diffusion and the rate of diffusion is increased as denoted below: [pica(4) where DE is eddy diffusivity. Its value increases if turbulence increases and is more difficult to evaluate than the molecular diffusivity. In the case where diffusion takes place in a stationary gas the rates of diffusion of A and B are given by: Applying the ideal gas law does this: where P is the systems pressure T is the systems temperature R is molar gas constant [pica (8) as concentration of substance, C is also equal to the ratio of mole, n of the substance to its volume, V . If a surface is introduced on which A is absorbed but B is not absorbed, a partial pressure gradient will be set up, causing A to diffuse towards and B away from the surface. Given this process to continue for a short interval, A will be absorbed at the surface and B will tend to diffuse away. Thus a total pressure gradient will be produced causing a bulk motion of A and B towards the surface, in addition to the transfer by diffusion. Since there is no net motion of B, the bulk rate or flow must exactly balance its transfer by diffusion. Thus the bulk rate of flow of B The bulk flow of B is accompanied by a bulk flow of A as below: Bulk flow of A = [pica The total rate of transfer of A is obtained by summing the transfers by diffusion and bulk flow. By adding equation (5) and (9), the total transfer, AN is given by: AN = [pica(5) + (9) = [pica] (10) This relation shown by equation (10) is known as Stefan Law. Integration of equation (10) between two positions denoted by suffixes 1 and 2 gives us the results as below: [pica] AN = (11) (12) 13) where the suffix m denotes the logarithmic mean value of the quantity at the positions 1 and 2. There are several ways by which the diffusion coefficient, D can be determined. In Winkle method, the liquid contained in a narrow diameter vertical tube which is maintained at a constant temperature and a vapor free gas, is passed through the top of the tube rapidly enough to ensure that the partial pressure of the vapor remains approximately zero (Figure 1). Gas Stream (Figure 1) The rate of mass transfer is given by: AN= [pica Where CA = the saturation concentration at the interface and L is the effective stance through which mass transfer is taking place. But considering the evaporation of the liquid. AN = [pica Where (L = the density of the liquid. Thus, Integrating and putting L = LO at t = 0, evaporation of the liquid, AN= [pica] [pica] Finally, the following equation is obtained: A graph of Chip] versus L-LO yields a straight line with gradient ,s= (pica and intercept of 0 3. METHODOLOGY When performing the experiment, the Gaseous Diffusion Apparatus is referred. 1 . Capillary tube, R is washed with detergent that is provided and cleansed with distilled water. Then, it is rinsed with a little of acetone liquid. The cleaning process is done with a syringe. 2. With another syringe, acetone is filled into the capillary tube, R until it reaches the height of 35. Mm. This is done carefully to ensure that no air bubble is trapped inside the tube. 3. The tube is inserted into the metal nut, N until the top part of the tube hangs on the nut. 4. Slowly, the tube is screwed into the upper plat, with its T part perpendicular to the microscope, M. 5. Vacuum tube, V is inserted at one end of the T part of capillary tube, R. 6. The vertical height of microscope, M is adjusted until the capillary tube, R can be seen in the microscope, M. The distance of the object lens to the tank is adjusted. 7. When the meniscus level is determined, the fernier scale is aligned to the unmovable scale. 8. When the lens is adjusted, the air pump, P and heater are switched on. 9. The temperature controller is adjusted to maintain the temperature at ICC.

Tracking the Fangle in Newfangled

Tracking the Fangle in Newfangled Tracking the Fangle in Newfangled Tracking the Fangle in Newfangled By Maeve Maddox Until I saw the word fangled used humorously in a couple of blogs, Id never given any thought to the elements of newfangled. Can something be oldfangled, or just plain fangled? Come to find out, the fangled part of newfangled is a fossil from Old English. For those of you unfamiliar with the word, the meaning usually understood by newfangled is Newly or recently invented or existent, novel; gratuitously or objectionably modern or different from what one is used to. OED Ex. My grandmother refuses to use anything so newfangled as a cell phone. The word newfangled, with the sense of addicted to novelty/ready to grasp at new things, is first recorded about 1470. The sense lately come into fashion occurs in 1533. The Old English verb fon (to capture, seize, take) had the past participle form gefangen. Not only does this old verb give us the fangle in newfangled, it gives us the word fang. with the sense of sharp tooth. Makes sense: something with fangs can seize with them. NOTE: Another O.E. word, fengto, meant a catching- or grasping-tooth. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"36 Poetry TermsDozen: Singular or Plural?

Discussion 2 Week 1 Impact of Financial Concepts Assignment

Discussion 2 Week 1 Impact of Financial Concepts - Assignment Example This means you would be responsible for paying taxes on money that you may not have even received yet. On the flipside, expenses can be incurred before you actually pay them out – meaning you can reduce your tax liability before paying out. This is at the core of finance. The time value of money tells you that $1 today is worth more than $1 tomorrow. The reason is because you can invest that $1 today and have it be worth more tomorrow. What does this mean for your business? You want to hold onto your money as long as possible and receive money as quickly as possible. You can do this by paying your bills right before they are due and finding ways to have your customers pay you as soon as possible. Keep in mind this ignores other psychological factors like your vendors being happy if you always pay them immediately (which could lead to more flexible payment terms or even discounts). The more risk you take, the more return you should expect. If given two options with the same return, you should always choose the option that has the least amount of risk. Likewise if given two options with the same level of risk, you should always choose the option that has the highest return. Opportunity cost is the cost associated with choosing one option and forgoing another. For example, a high school graduate has the option of going to college or working full time. If she chooses college, the cost of her decision isnt just the cost of tuition and books, but the money she is missing out on by not working fulltime for four years while she is in school. If she chooses to work full time, the opportunity cost is the amount of money she would have made (in excess of her regular pay) for having a college degree for the rest of her life. So lets say she can make $10/hr without a college degree, or $15/hr with a college degree. She needs to take into account the $5/hr she will lose out on for the rest of her life by not going to college now. There are also

Reflection and skills practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflection and skills practice - Essay Example I will also describe my feelings about coaching and mentoring and what questions that arose to me from course activity. In the end of this paper I will talk about what I hope to gain from this course. From my experience in this field I found that coach and mentor should try to generate enthusiasm for the change by sharing their goals and visions. They are responsible for engaging their clients to create the change needed and support them. As the book of Coaching and Mentoring at Work: Developing Effective Practice states, â€Å"the coach or mentor is a facilitator, not an instructor. They support and challenge the client to learn and to develop. The client learns by acquiring new awareness, insight, skills, ideas and knowledge† (Connor & Pokora, 2007, p9). In addition, the coach and mentor should help the trainee develop their skills. They also should know what does the client needs or what they want? As the book of Coaching and Mentoring at Work: Developing Effective Practice states, â€Å"the client may want or need to improve their work performance in the short term, or they may be concerned with broader issues of personal, professional and career development† (C onnor & Pokora, 2007, p7). From my perspective, coaching and mentoring will help us to handle new business challenges. Based on my own experience I think active listening still persists in the work. Fortunately some people have good skills to analyze the problem however those people are usually doing something wrong, why? Based on what I have learned in this course a good example would be that they usually are trying to solve the problem, which is not acceptable for coach. Based on our discussions about coaching and mentoring I found that the coach is a partner in decision making process as well as an educator who provides valuable inputs to the client. As stated by Garvey, Stokes & Megginson, (2009) in Coaching and Mentoring: Theory and Practice , â€Å"in

Self Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Self Evaluation Essay I believe that self evaluation is a very important factor that can show you or to the English mediator the level o performance of a medical student in the first or 2nd year ,and this can have advantages and disadvantages because each and every student has a potential in writing reading or listening to English. First of all, for example in the first semester we did a lot of communication during the English classes debating the Dax Cowart case and other interactional classes, but not all the students participated at a constant level each class. Many of them didn’t reached their potential at this oral debates because they are shy or they didn’t want to attract attention from the students, But in opposition with American classes were all the students are free to express their ideas and concerns. Second of all I find it very interesting the way our English classes managed to attract our attention in a very good way even though not all of us were fully within the lessons but we tried our best scoring a lot of yellow cards for bonus and encouraging ideas. This system is very appreciated in England and has a lot of success now in Europe. In this way you can evaluate the creativity the ideas and how well are them structured and explained in a way to impress the mediator. From my point of view I think that a very good way to evaluate a person is to make him show the potential that he has In order to open the Pandora’s box. Every method must be tried and I think that your methods were very good indeed and you are doing a perfect job in each and every aspect of your job. Those exercises with the pictures showed in front of the class were very good and imaginative, or placing in the right order the small sized fragments of the text ,or even when we had to write our thoughts in the dreams wall. These were very interesting and in the same time very useful for us. In conclusion self evaluation is very important for the English  mediator and the students because you can reach the top by being evaluated correctly including all the aspects on knowing medical English. Here at our English class I believe that our knowledge was fully recognized and marked with very good grades in the first semester being appreciated for our efforts. The atmosphere was great we all participated in a high number in all the classes making English class a way to relax to express your feelings and to make a family along the students. We relaxed from our anatomy and biochemistry classes and we were concentrated to more active and interesting debates from English.

My Reality Check Essay examples -- Personal Narrative

My Reality Check Two things didn't mix well in my life. One was being a full time student and the other an athlete. It was great not having parents around telling you to do your homework or to go to class, of which I never did. I had a choice, which was more important, playing lacrosse or studying. Like any first year college student I picked lacrosse. At that point I didn't realize what I was getting myself into. Who at that age would know either? My worst nightmare came true in the summer of 1989. I was academically dismissed from the university. I thought to myself "no way, this could never happen to me, I played lacrosse, had a girlfriend, and I was popular, how could this have happened". The worst part of the whole experience was the car ride home from the post office. The feeling of emptiness overwhelmed me, I felt as if I had nothing inside my body. I thought, "what am I going to do?" Then I had to face my parents, boy was I scared. What was I going to tell them? Sorry mom and dad but I wasted your money; I had no excuses so I told them the truth. What happened after that changed my life forever. It was either the military or go to a community college and try to redeem myself. I wanted to do neither, but I had to choose. The military was off my list and going to a community college sounded o.k. So I registered and the rest of that summer I had to deal with the fact that I had not accomplished anything in the past year and this was wake up call an...

Health Care Policy Essay

The goal of the Health Care Policy is to provide medical access to every American. A policy that that can ensure a citizen to purchase medical insurance according to their level of income, the government will standardized and regulate insurance companies’ premium rates. This policy can be very beneficial for Americans that live below the poverty line and people that have preexisting conditions and insurance companies will not be allowed to deny them. But who else would be benefiting from the policy? The democratic party strongly believe that the Affordable Care Act is aimed to provide health care for every American, and help the United States reduce the deficit by more than $1 trillion in the next two decades alone. They believe that the policy will help prevent insurance abuse, provide tax cuts for small business to help of set the cost of employee coverage, and bring additional security, stability for many more generations to come. But just like any other law or policy that has to pass or be enacted, it will face much scrutiny from the opposing party. The Republican Party believes that limiting government power is essential, and they fear that the Health Care policy is just the start of how they plan to take control of one’s individual rights. Republicans have always felt strong against having too much government interfering with politics and citizens’ rights. They believe that the success of one person is solely based ones hard work and dedication, if you worked hard for what you have earned that you should be allowed to reap the rewards that that you have gained. Many Americans do not want any more taxation, and if this bill passes into law a mandate tax will be imposed. This tax will affect those who make more than 250k a year and have to pay more of the government spending. If we all have the right to pursue happiness, liberty and the right to property, then why someone should be penalized for being successful, If we were all giving the same opportunity. Why should someone with lack of motivation, bad work ethics and full of bad habits that choose to live an unhealthy life feel comfortable in allowing every other American get a penalty, in order to pay for their medical expenses? By allowing the government to take control of your health care choices, we are allowing them to have more control of the justice system. Then what is the purpose of the Constitution? The constitution was founded on the idea of minimal government. It was created for the people to have more control of the government; they would allow government officials to make decisions, because the people elected them into office to represent the best interest for them. â€Å"Don’t interfere with anything in the Constitution. That must be maintained, for it is the only safeguard of our liberties.† Abraham Lincoln Our nation has been in a capitalist system for over 500 years, where one can have the opportunity to gain from their property. This system has put pressure on every American to make money in order survive. This system has evolved over the decades in order to maintain the same course that the nation has grown into. It has giving each individual to freely trade and profit from the production of goods, and at the same time the government has ensured proper regulations and laws are being followed to prevent one from monopolizing. We are free to make your own choices in the market place and as a consumer; we get the highest quality of products for the cheapest prices we get the highest variety of the types of goods and services you can purchase. Capitalism has given the highest standards of living this earth has ever seen and no other system has ever been able to do this. The system may seem unequal and unjust, but it has allowed everyone to play in the even field. It recognizes your right to pursuit of life, happiness, liberty and property. In a socialist government, we are not giving the right to much, how would someone be at peace, living with concept of the government choosing your benefits, it would be an unhealthy dependence. There are some good benefits for socializing health care, it will bring a much more stable insurance rate, so no matter from what social class you are coming from, and medical access would be granted to you. This would also ensure that healthcare will never be denied to anyone; even we have a preexisting condition. Socializing health care system has been a rewarding system for many nations. But the cost of having it comes with a price. â€Å"A 2010 survey found that 59 percent of respondents waited more than four weeks for an appointment with a specialist, more than double the U.S. figure.† National Post The nation’s â€Å"once proud† health system is fundamentally fractured and failing — especially for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, aboriginal peoples and those with mental illness. Canadian Medical Association Coming from a low income family, I can honestly relate to the difficulties of being insured by a private health care insurance and maintaining the premiums rate for a large family. I strongly feel that medical access should be giving to every American, in order for our nation to continue to prosper in the manner it has over the decades and maintain freedom for all, we should have healthy citizens. But I don’t agree with the government should be fully responsible for providing health care for us. The policy that is being enacted is one way, but the responsibility also lies on us and we should be able to provide for ourselves and not depend in social programs. Citations: â€Å"Finding Quotations Was Never This Easy!† Find the Famous Quotes You Need, ThinkExist.com Quotations. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 July 2012. . Everything an American Wants to Know about Canadian Health care.† National Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 July 2012. . // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=†Ã¢â‚¬ ,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "studymoose.com"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

Jamaica National Heroes

Manley| Jamaica's National Heroes Published Nov 20, 1995 | Jamaica’s National Heroes dared to challenge the institution of colonialism and in so doing changed the course of Jamaica’s history giving social and political freedom to its people. Today, the statues of Jamaica’s seven National Heroes stand in proud acknowledgment, in the National Heroes Park in Kingston where they are viewed with inspiring pride, unforgettable symbols of Jamaica’s enduring strength. PAUL BOGLE birth date uncertain-died 1865. Paul Bogle, a Baptist Deacon was generally regarded as a peaceful man who shunned violence.He believed in the teachings of the Bible, endorsing the principles of charity and endurance. Yet he was also a leader and organizer who knew well the terrains of the land and had spent time in educating and training his followers. He lived in St. Thomas and led the Morant Bay Rebellion in 1865. GEORGE WILLIAM GORDON 1820-1865. George William Gordon was a free colored land owner and an associate of Bogle. As a member of the House of Parliament, he used his position to highlight the sufferings of the people and to make a plea for changes.The Morant Bay Rebellion and the resultant deaths of Bogle and Gordon precipitated the beginning of a new era in Jamaica’s development. The British government became compelled to make changes including outstanding reforms in education, health, local government, banking and infrastructure. NANNY lived and died in Nanny Town. Nanny of the Maroons stands out in history as the only female among Jamaica’s national heroes. She possessed that fierce fighting spirit generally associated with the courage of men.In fact, Nanny is described as a fearless Asante warrior who used militarist techniques to foul and beguile the English. Like the heroes of the pre Independence era, Nanny too met her untimely death at the instigation of the English sometime around 1750's. Yet, the spirit of Nanny of the Maroons remain s today as a symbol of that indomitable desire that will never yield to captivity. SAMUEL SHARPE 1801-1832 ‘Daddy’ Sam Sharpe, as he was affectionately called was to carry on the Resistance against slavery effecting at the young age of 31, the most outstanding Slave Rebellion in Jamaica’s history.Sharpe, an educated town slave, was a preacher and spokesman. Intelligent and sharp, he followed the developments of the abolition movement by reading discarded local and foreign papers and was able to advise his followers. Sharpe was tired of slavery, spent months in strategic planning, educating the slaves and traveling from estate to estate in secret meetings at nights, igniting the slaves with inspiring messages of hope of freedom. The 1831 Christmas Rebellion started in St. James and spread throughout the entire island.The Rebellion started on December 28 and lasted 8 days. Sam Sharpe was eventually captured and hung at the Parade in Montego Bay (now renamed Sam Sha rpe Square). On August 28, 1833 slavery was abolished and the System of Apprenticeship instituted, allowing for the total freedom of slaves in the next 4-6 years. On August 1, 1938 the Apprenticeship System ended granting full freedom to the slaves. SIR ALEXANDER BUSTAMANTE 1884-1977 Alexander Bustamante was an aggressive, outspoken young man who understood the dynamics of labor relations.A charismatic and impressive speaker, he used the media to criticize the prevailing political system and its attendant social problems. He started the Industrial Trade Union in 1938 and was jailed for 17 moths following labor riots. He became Jamaica’s first Chief Minister, a position he held until 1954, being knighted that same year by the queen. On August 6, 1962 Jamaica was granted full independence. At the first session of Parliament, Bustamante received the Instruments of Independence from the queen’s representative, Princess Margaret.This time in Jamaica’s history drastic changes were heralded, not by bloodshed but by peaceful negotiations. NORMAN WASHINGTON MANLEY 1893-1969. Norman Washington Manley founded the People’s National Party which later was tied to the Trade Union Congress and the N. W. U. Together with Bustamante, their efforts resulted in the New Constitution of 1944 granting full Adult Suffrage. In 1955 Manley was elected Chief Minister. The 400 year British Rule, invoking slavery, deculturisation, uprising and bloodshed was now at an end.MARCUS MOSIAH GARVEY 1887-1940. Marcus Mosiah Garvey stands out in history as one who was greatly committed to the concept of the Emancipation of minds. Garvey who was born in St. Ann became famous worldwide as a leader who was courageous and eloquent in his call for improvement for Blacks. He sought the unification of all Blacks through the establishment of the United Negro Improvement Association and spoke out against economic exploitation and cultural denigration. He spent many years in the United | |

Biography of Augusto Pinochet, Chiles Military Dictator

Biography of Augusto Pinochet, Chile's Military Dictator Augusto Pinochet (November 25, 1915–December 10, 2006) was an army officer and dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990. His years in power were marked by inflation, poverty, and the ruthless repression of opposition leaders. Pinochet was involved in Operation Condor, a cooperative effort by several South American governments to remove leftist opposition leaders, often by murder. Several years after stepping down, he was charged with war crimes concerning his time as president but died in 2006 before being convicted on any charges. Fast Facts: Augusto Pinochet Known For: Dictator of ChileBorn: Nov. 25, 1915 in Valparaiso, ChileParents: Augusto Pinochet Vera, Avelina Ugarte MartinezDied: Dec. 10, 2006 in Santiago, ChileEducation: Chilean War AcademyPublished Works: The Crucial DaySpouse: Marà ­a  Lucà ­a  Hiriart  Rodrà ­guezChildren: Augusto Osvaldo, Jacqueline Marie, Lucà ­a, Marco Antonio, Marà ­a Verà ³nicaNotable Quote: Everything I did, all my actions, all of the problems I had I dedicate to God and to Chile, because I kept Chile from becoming Communist. Early Life Pinochet was born on Nov. 25, 1915, in Valparaiso, Chile to descendants of French settlers who had come to Chile more than a century before. His father was a middle-class government worker. The eldest of six children, Pinochet married Marà ­a  Lucà ­a  Hiriart  Rodrà ­guez in 1943 and they had five children. He entered Chilean War Academy when he turned 18  and graduated in four years as a sub-lieutenant. Military Career Begins Pinochet rose quickly through the ranks despite the fact that Chile was never at war during his military career. In fact, Pinochet never saw combat while he was in the military; the closest he came was as the commander of a detention camp for Chilean Communists. Pinochet lectured at the War Academy and wrote five  books on politics and warfare. By 1968, he was promoted to brigadier general. Pinochet and Allende In 1948, Pinochet met future President Salvador Allende, a young Chilean senator who was a socialist. Allende had come to visit the concentration camp then run by Pinochet, where many Chilean Communists were being held. In 1970, Allende was elected president, and he promoted Pinochet to be commander of the Santiago garrison. Over the next three years, Pinochet proved invaluable to Allende by helping put down opposition to Allende’s economic policies, which were devastating the nation’s economy. Allende promoted Pinochet to commander-in-chief of all Chilean armed forces in August 1973. The Coup of 1973 Allende, as it turned out, had made a grave mistake by putting his trust in Pinochet. With the people in the streets and the countrys economy in shambles, the military moved to take over the government. On Sept. 11, 1973, less than three weeks after he had been made the commander-in-chief, Pinochet directed his troops to take Santiago, the capital, and he ordered an airstrike on the presidential palace. Allende died defending the palace, and Pinochet was made part of a four-man ruling junta led by the commanders of the army, air force, police, and navy. Later, he seized absolute power. Operation Condor Pinochet and Chile were heavily involved in Operation Condor, a collaborative effort among the governments of Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay to control leftist dissidents such as the MIR, or Movement of the Revolutionary Left, in Bolivia, and the Tupamaros, a band of Marxist revolutionaries that operated in Uruguay. The effort consisted mainly of a series of kidnappings, disappearances, and assassinations of prominent opponents of the right-wing regimes in those countries. The Chilean DINA, a feared secret police force, was one of the driving organizations behind the operation. It is unknown how many people were killed during Operation Condor, but most of the estimates range well into the thousands. The Economy Pinochet’s team of U.S.-educated economists, who were known as â€Å"the Chicago Boys,† advocated lowering taxes, selling state-run businesses, and encouraging foreign investment. These reforms led to sustained growth, prompting the phrase â€Å"The Miracle of Chile.† However, the reforms also led to a decline in wages and a spike in unemployment, and there was a severe recession from 1980 to 1983. Steps Down In 1988, a nationwide referendum on Pinochet resulted in a majority of the people voting to deny him another term as their president. Elections were held in 1989 and the opposition candidate, Christian Democrat  Patricio Aylwin, was victorious. However, Pinochet’s supporters continued to hold enough influence in the Chilean parliament to block many proposed reforms. Pinochet remained in office until Aylwin was installed as president on March 11, 1990, although as an ex-president he remained a senator for life. He also kept his position as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Legal Troubles and Death Pinochet might have been out of the limelight, but the victims of Operation Condor did not forget about him. In October 1998, he was in the United Kingdom for medical reasons. Seizing upon his presence in a country with an extradition treaty, his opponents brought charges against him in a Spanish court in connection with the  torture  of Spanish citizens in Chile during his rule. He was charged with several counts of murder, torture, and kidnapping. The charges were dismissed in 2002 on the grounds that Pinochet, by then in his late 80s, was too unhealthy to stand trial. Further charges were brought against him in 2006, but Pinochet died on December 10 of that year in Santiago before the prosecution could proceed. Legacy   Many Chileans are divided on the topic of their former dictator. Some say they see him as a savior who rescued them from the socialist policies of Allende and who did what had to be done in a turbulent time to prevent anarchy and communism. They point to the growth of the economy under Pinochet and claim he was a patriot who loved his country. Others say he was a ruthless despot directly responsible for thousands of murders, in most cases for no more than thought crimes. They believe his economic success was not all it seemed because unemployment was high and wages were low during his rule. Regardless of these differing views, it is undeniable that Pinochet was one of the most important figures of the 20th century in South America. His involvement in Operation Condor made him the poster boy for violent dictatorship, and his actions led many in his country never to trust their government again.   Sources Dinges, John. The Condor Years: How Pinochet and His Allies Brought Terrorism to Three Continents. Paperback, Reprint edition, The New Press, June 1, 2005.ï » ¿The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2018). Augusto Pinochet: President of Chile.

Writing Acrostic Poems Valentines Poetry Lesson

Writing Acrostic Poems Valentines Poetry Lesson Are you in need of a quick Valentines Day poetry lesson plan to share with your students? Consider practicing acrostic poetry with them. To begin, follow these steps. First you must start by modeling the format of acrostic poems with your students. Work together to write a collective acrostic poem on the whiteboard. You can start out simple and use a students name. As a class brainstorm words and/or phrases that correlate with how the students feel about the name you are using for the example. For instance, lets say that you use the name Sara. Students may say words like sweet, awesome, rad, etc.Give your students a Valentines-related word list so that they can write their own acrostic poem. Consider the words: love, February, heart, friends, appreciate, chocolate, red, hero, and happy. Discuss the meaning of these words and the importance of expressing their appreciation to loved ones on the Valentines Day holiday.Next, give your students time to write their acrostic poems. Circulate and offer guidance as needed. Be sure to offer students suggestions if they ask.If you have time, allow the students to illustrate their poems. This project makes a great bulletin board display for February, especially if you do it a few weeks ahead of time! Suggest that your students give their acrostic poems to family members as Valentines Day gifts. Valentines Acrostic Poem Sample #1 Here is a sample of just using the word Valentine from a teacher. V - Very important to me A - Always smiling at me L - Love and adoration is what I feel E - Every day I love you N - Never make me frown T - Too many reasons to count I - I hope were always together N - Now and forever E - Each and every moment with you is special Sample #2 Here is a sample of using the word February from a student in fourth grade. F - feels very cold E - every single day B - because its winter time in every single way R - red means love U - underneath the warm sun A - always dreaming of the warmer months R -ready to celebrate Valentines day Y - Yes, I love Valentines Day even though its cold outside Sample  #3 Here is a sample acrostic poem using the word love from a second grade student. L - laughing O -oh how I love to laugh V - valentines day is about love E - every day I wish it was Valentines Day Sample #4 Here is a sample poem by a fifth grade student using the word grandma. G - Grandma is special and kind and sweet R - rad like a biker and someone you want to meet A - awesome N - not to mention cool D - daring and sweet, she always M - makes me laugh A - and that just cant be beat Sample #5 Here is a sample poem written by a fifth grader for her best friend. In this poem she used the name of her friend. A - A is for awesome and for someone I want to be N - N is for nice, because shes like my family D - D is for dedicated, because she is always by my side R - R is for radiant, I will always have her pride E - E is for generic, shes always on the go A - A is for angelic, she always seems to glow.

Petroleum Economic and Oil field management Essay - 1

Petroleum Economic and Oil field management - Essay Example The economics of non-OPEC supply, the economics of supply of other liquids and the investment and production decisions of OPEC countries will definitely influence the spot price over the next three months. For other liquids and petroleum, the main long-term prices and supply determinants can be summed up in four main categories that include other liquids supply economics, non-OPEC supply economics, global demand for other liquids and petroleum, and OPEC production and investment decisions (Elton, Gruber, Agrawal & Mann, 2004: 27247). Factors that should influence PMC while deciding on whether to enter into a forward or spot contract should include the consideration of the deference between the forward and spot prices in the sense that the two-price difference preferably should be equivalent to any earnings and finance charges that are due to the contract holder. In addition, opting for the forward contracts mainly would depend on factors like, festivity, season, and climate cycles that mostly affect the demands. A factor that would discourage the use of forward contracts is the lack of explicit mechanism for processing new information on the production costs and inventory surprises. Another factor to consider will be oil market participants who are a diverse group and trade at different maturities and objectives. The varying degrees in the involvement of major commercial oil producers will affect this decision. In terms of spot prices, supply and demand will influence such a decision. When demand goes up and sup ply decreases, the spot prices are automatically expected to go up. Likewise when demand decreases and supply goes up, the prices should go down. Spot prices for both crude oil and petroleum product prices are likely to be affected by events that disrupt the flow of these products in the market. This may include weather-related and geopolitical factors. These should be considered in the decision of whether to use spot prices or not. By taking

Role of Women in Ministry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Role of Women in Ministry - Research Paper Example It will also elaborate the challenges faced by women leader in the church as well as identify the different women serving in the ministry today. 2. Introduction There has been continued controversy concerning the role of women in the ministry. This has been created by the Biblical teachings on the place of the woman in the church. In the Scriptures of Paul to the Corinth church, women were expected to be silent and submissive to their husbands. However, in other Scriptures, women take an active role in the activities of the church. This conflict on the role of women has created an ongoing debate on the subject of women as leaders in the church. Many churches deny women the opportunity to take up an active role in the church while others only permits them to undertake specific positions. 3.1 Positions in the Role of Women 3.1.1 Resistance of Women in the Ministry The values and beliefs of the society are continuously evolving. This has been attributed to the globalization of the society which contributes to the exchange of culture and believes. The role of women in the society has continuously changed, especially in the Western World. Women in the society are fighting for equality in terms of job opportunities, duties and positions in the society. Currently, women in the western world are allowed to hold both social and political offices in the society. Therefore, it is inevitable that the women in the church will also fight for equality in the ministry. Traditionally, the Jewish traditions did not acknowledge the women in the church. The Jews believed that God intentionally created the woman from the man’s rib rather than from his head. This was because women were not created to be the head. They were expected to hide as they were extracted from the hidden rib of man. According to the Jews, women are not expected to voice their though ts or make people listen to them. Furthermore, the Jewish men prayed to God every morning thanking Him for not being born a woman. The beliefs and values of the Jews have had a significant impact on the modern church. Today, there are various schools of thoughts that disregard women in the ministry. According to this school of thought, the Bible does not acknowledge women as leaders in the ministry. They believe that if women were supposed to lead the world as well as the church, then Christ ought to have been female. In addition, they believe that the story of creation clearly elaborates on the societal position of women. This school of thought argues that allowing women to take up leadership in the church is a misinterpretation on the Biblical teachings.1 In his teachings, Paul greatly contradicted himself concerning the role of women in evangelism. In his letters to the Romans, he acknowledged the women as crucial people in spreading of the word. However, in his Letters to the Co rinth Church, Paul indicated that the woman should be silent and obedient to their husband. If they were to learn anything concerning the church, they should obtain consent from their husbands. These teachings from Paul have contributed to the

What were the main economic and institutional differences between the Term Paper

What were the main economic and institutional differences between the studio system of the 1930s and 1940s and 'new Hollywood' post-1975 - Term Paper Example 20). A lot of talent was drained from western countries and the Hollywood nurtured that talent by providing them lucrative benefits and rich culture. The staring era of films in the Hollywood was the era of silent movies and the messages were delivered by the body language, sounds, and the sequence and some time running the text on the screen. However, the economic, technological and institutional transformation occurred around the world revolutionized cinematic activities and Hollywood witnessed major changes in the studio system during different eras. ... Some of the movies are inspired by the true events and some of them are inspired by the fabricated plots, fictions and the legends. Classical Era Types of the movies in the classical era (classical studio) As it seems clear by the name that the classical movies had class, these movies were based on the Fictional and real plots. Irrespective of the time frame, both the movies based on the idealism and realism has been presented and has become hit on the box office. The combination of the real situation has also been used in some movies like the De Vinci Code (2006) and it has been done irrespective of the time frame. Either the classical movies or the modern movies both have been reflecting the contemporary culture in their entities but the difference is the time, so understanding the difference of time can put a light on the above mentioned criteria of the question. The classical era had many glamorous stars which provided synergies to the film industry of that super glamorous era, a nd the faith killing beauties were cast with the support of solid stories. The beautiful faces were not the only criteria there, but the strong script was the trade mark of that era which is still believed as the golden era of the film industry Solid plots with strong theme and story Both Gone with the Wind (1939) and The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) were based on the bestselling novels and both movies were released in the same years. The 1930-40 was an era when the cream of best writer, directors and actors were coming there and it was a heaven for them (Chaplin, 2003, p. 91). A good work was immediately noticed in the Hollywood, and the feasibilities were made for them to release films on them. The industrialization affected the film industry and the base for

The strategic planning of Marks and Spencer

The strategic planning of Marks and Spencer Marks and spencer started from small stalls becomes one of the uks leading retailers with over 15 million people visiting every year. It is giving to its customers great value clothing, high quality, stylish products as well as outstanding quality of food from different authenticated suppliers. The whole of the report revolves around the strategic planning of well renowned company marks and spencer, it will explore the external environment, its existing business plan, major factors affecting it and the strategic option is also given in this report through which it can overcome the predicted barriers. Companies overview Marks and spencer is come to existence in 1894 by the partnership of Michael with Tom Spencer. They employ over 65000 people, running 450 stores and also flourishing international business. In 2007 Marks Spencer (MS) was the UKs largest clothing retailer with a market share of 11.1%. Food sales accounted for 49.8% of its UK business and had a market share of 4.3%. The groups international business accounted for 7.1% of turnover and had grown to 219 franchise stores in 34 territories worldwide as well as 8 wholly-owned stores in Hong Kong and 13 in the Republic of Ireland. During 2007, it opened 36 new stores including the groups largest ever franchise store in Dubai at 52,000 sq ft. and also opened its first store in Taiwan under a joint venture with President Chain Store Corporation. Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise so Johnson and Scholes define strategy as follows: Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfill stakeholder expectations.   PEST Analysis Pest analysis is concerned with the environmental influences on a business. The acronym stands for the political, economic, social and technological issues that could affect the strategic development of a business. Political European Committee decision to permit free flow of trade among themselves and other countries under foreign trade regulations makes companies to import their products over time easier than before. MS competitors took advantage of its higher cost structure and bit off some its market share. Economic MS competitors are specialised in niche markets and consumers focus which make them to provide a much better consumers satisfaction. They prefer to import their products from abroad for cost savings, this fact puts MS in a cost disadvantage for a perceived higher quality. Social Consumers concept in the marketplace has changed; they do not sense British products as of high quality. There is a shift in demand for more fashionable clothing. Moreover the price sensitivity of the majority of the consumers has increased leaving MS in a less competitive position. Technological Media played major role of communicating new fashions to the customers. This knowledge can be communicated to the designers and producers, so a manufacturer in Thailand or China can be aware of the current fashion trends in UK. Technology theses days are even more quickly copied than before. Moreover due to the transportation speed a shipment of stock from a country in far Asia will only take a few days instead of a preview time period of over a month. Environmental (Ecological) Selling products produced by suppliers has a much greater affect on the environment on how these products are used and disposed by consumers. Retailers use a huge range of raw materials to produce their goods. Because of this, it is critical to manage the use of these materials sensitively and pay proper regard to how they affect natural habitats and bio-diversity. Legal Offering customers high standards of quality product are essential to meet their requirements. MS are known for delivering world class quality products. Porter 5 Forces Analysis The five force models is basically industry specific within which the firm exists and operates. The rationale behind this model is that industry profitability is not determined by the product quality, nor it embodies high or low technology. It is determined by the structure of the industry. M. Porter, Competitive Advantage of Nations, Macmillan, 1990 Porter explains that there are five forces that determine industry attractiveness and long-run industry profitability. Threat of new entrants New entrants to an industry can raise the level of competition, thereby reducing its attractiveness. The threat of new entrants largely depends on the barriers to entry. High entry barriers exist in some industries whereas other industries are very easy to enter. The most common form of entry barriers are usually the scale and the investment required to enter an industry as an efficient competitor. In consumer product industry this dimension of competition is well prominent. All the existing domestic companies are well set up, reputed, organized and stable manufacturers in the industry and have their own distinct places in the market. A potential entrant may find it uneconomical to take on existing occupants and if it does the gain of market share at the cost of large capital investment besides powerful retaliation of existing manufactures. It may take years (at-least 5 6 years) for an entrant to build reputation for product quality no matter how large its initial advertising campai gn is. Threat of substitutes The presence of substitute products can lower industry attractiveness and profitability because they limit price levels. The threat of substitute products depends on: Buyers willingness to substitute the relative price and performance of substitutes the costs of switching to substitutes The product category Marks and Spencer has is subjected to great threat as different other companies of UK like Primark deals with the same kind of products. Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers are the businesses that supply materials other products into the industry. The cost of items bought from suppliers (e.g. Raw materials, components) can have a significant impact on a companys profitability. If suppliers have high bargaining power over a company, then in theory the companys industry is less attractive. The bargaining power of suppliers will be high when: There are many buyers and few dominant suppliers there are undifferentiated, highly valued products suppliers threaten to integrate forward into the industry. Bargaining power of buyers Buyers are the people who create demand in an industry. The bargaining power of buyers is greater when there are few dominant buyers and many sellers in the industry products are standardized buyers threaten to integrate backward into the industry suppliers do not threaten to integrate forward into the buyers industry. At the same time Pull strategy is followed as bottom up approach where end users pull the preferred product. Intensity of rivalry The intensity of rivalry between competitors in an industry will depend on: The structure of competition for example, rivalry is more intense where there are many small or equally sized competitors; rivalry is less when an industry has a clear market leader The structure of industry costs for example, industries with high fixed costs encourage competitors to fill unused capacity by price cutting. Degree of differentiation industries where products are commodities have greater rivalry; industries where competitors can differentiate their products have less rivalry. Switching costs rivalry is reduced where buyers have high switching costs i.e. there is a significant cost associated with the decision to buy a product from an alternative supplier Strategic objectives. Swot Analysis SWOT analysis is an important tool for auditing the overall strategic position of a business and its environment. Once key strategic issues have been identified, they feed into business objectives, particularly marketing objectives. SWOT analysis can be used in conjunction with other tools for audit and analysis, such as PEST analysis and Porters Five-Forces analysis. SWOT ANALYSIS OF MARKS AND SPENCERS Strengths Marks and Spencer is a powerful brand. It has a reputation for value for money, convenience and a wide range of products all in one store. M S has grown substantially over recent years, and has experienced global expansion. The company has a core competence involving its use of information technology to support its international logistics system. For example, it can see how individual products are performing country-wide, store-by-store at a glance. IT also supports M S efficient procurement. A focused strategy is in place for human resource management and development. People are key to M S business and it invests time and money in training people, and retaining a developing them. Weaknesses M S is the Worlds largest retailer and control of its empire, despite its IT advantages, could leave it weak in some areas due to the huge span of control. Since M S sell products across many sectors (such as clothing, food, or stationary), it may not have the flexibility of some of its more focused competitors. The company is global, but has a presence in relatively few countries Worldwide. Opportunities To take over, merge with, or form strategic alliances with other global retailers, focusing on specific markets such as Europe or the Greater China Region. The stores are currently only trade in a relatively small number of countries. Therefore there are tremendous opportunities for future business in expanding consumer markets, such as China and India. New locations and store types offer M S opportunities to exploit market development. They diversified from large super centers, to local and mall-based sites. Opportunities exist for M S to continue with its current strategy of large, super centers. Threats Being number one means that you are the target of competition, locally and globally. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ Being a global retailer means that you are exposed to political problems in the countries that you operate in. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ The cost of producing many consumer products tends to have fallen because of lower manufacturing costs. Manufacturing cost has fallen due to outsourcing to low-cost regions of the World. This has lead to price competition, resulting in price deflation in some ranges. Intense price competition is a threat. Stakeholders Expectation Stakeholders Expectation are those without which our strategic analysis will remain incomplete is about the expectation of stake holders. Stakeholders are those individuals or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom the organisation depends. Share holders expectation includes, Corporate governance chain, Formal requirements and boundaries within which strategy is developed, Organisational stakeholders, Other groups (internal and external) which have expectations and potential influence The expectation of the stake holders of M S conflicts between, Short-term profitability versus growth, Family control versus professional managers, Financial independence versus share/loan funding, Public share ownership demands openness and accountability, Cost efficiency may mean job losses, Mass markets may compromise quality, Mass public service provision versus specialist services Generic models for strategic plan According to Porter, Marks and Spencer is followed by a strategic generic model and the main categories are: Cost leadership Diffferenciation Focus Marks and Spencer is a fascinating case of a company that has lost its strategic focus. Its story illustrates how even the strongest of businesses cannot afford to take their eyes off the competition.   MS lost its way as the UKs leading retailer in the late nineties. Its profits, which had peaked at over 1bn [pounds sterling]. fell by hall as consumers rejected its clothing. In response to competitive pressure from new and existing players, MS made major changes to its strategy in 1998-2000. These included decisions to more away from its St. Michael brand  and to accept credit cards.   By 2004 the company was lacing a huge number of issues, including problems with service standards, dated store formats and the alienation of its traditional customer base. MSs stock was falling sharply. The share price, which had been as high as 650p in 1997, had declined to 270p.   By this time, Rose had unveiled his recovery strategy: selling MS Money: buying the Per Una brand: refunding around 2.5bn [pounds sterling] to shareholders: closing the new Lifestores concept and some Simply Food stores: improving products and services: and broadening MSs appeal and customer base.   Green stated that his offer was final, which meant he would not increase it again for six months unless another bidder appeared. The shareholders decided to back Rose. Green withdrew his offer and the share price fell back to 340p, which was 60p (or a total of 1.3bn [pounds sterling]) less than Greens final offer.  He faced following challenges while doing this right. Increase sales and market share without losing margins. (Rose has been  coy  about this, putting the emphasis on cost savings.)   Cut costs without undermining quality or service. In 2004 MS planned around 300m [pounds sterling] of cost savings, but clearly a proportion of these in 2005-06 would be needed to cut prices to competitive levels.   The recent history of MS highlights the need to manage shareholder value and deliver quickly, especially during turnarounds. In this situation, Rose might find the strategic option grid helpful.   This grid has been used by number of major companies, including Tesco and Diageo, to develop strategies. The options for MS include:   Incremental  strategy This would not really improve MSs long-term competitive advantage and it would be a high-risk approach, because the business would become even more exposed.   Float off food This would make shareholders better off, since the business is probably  undervalued. It would not be inherently hard to do this.   Close more stores This would focus the company on its key outlets, but it might damage the brand and decrease customer loyalty in the process.   Rationalise  the product For example stop selling mens shoes. This would declutter the business and provide an opportunity for growth.   Increase franchise space This would allow in other products, which would create more interest.   Strategy of Marks and Spencer to Improve Performance Marks Spencer plans to spend  £200 million over the next five years on going green strategy as the battle to become the most environmentally friendly retailer steps up. The high street giant, which launches its strategy with an advertising campaign in March, has set some challenging targets, including a pledge to stop sending all waste to landfill and to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 per cent. However, the aspirations will be closely scrutinised by non-governmental organisations, which will want to see if MS will be able to maintain its commitment to them in future years as the deadline to meet its targets near. Stuart Rose, the chief executive, said that he hoped that the cost of the programme would be offset by increased sales. Last year the retailer launched a Behind the Label campaign, which highlighted Marks Spencers environmental and ethical business practices and was one of the retailers most successful advertising schemes. Mr Rose said: We think this is the right thing to do because our customers, employees and, increasingly, shareholders are asking us to. We believe those people will embrace a responsible business. MS has worked on the project for six months, taking advice from Jonathon Porritt, the former director of Friends of the Earth, who said: This plan raises the bar for everyone else not just retailers but businesses in every sector. MSs detailed 100-point plan covers climate change, waste, raw materials, fair trade and healthy living. Elements also include reducing the amount of food imported and labelling those goods flown in, opening a model green factory and four stores and using 50 per cent bio-diesel in its lorry fleet. The retailer also wants to reduce packaging by 25 per cent and to use recycled plastic bottles to make polyester for use in clothing and home furnishings. Rosemary Byrde, global Fairtrade policy adviser at Oxfam, said: Marks Spencer is to be applauded for leading the way. We look forward to seeing the difference this will make and to other major retailers following suit in the near future. Robert Napier, chief executive of WWF-UK, the conservation organisation, said: Such bold aspirations as outlined by Marks Spencer can only help to drive other supermarkets and the retail sector towards supplying products in a way that protects our planet and sustains the natural resources we depend upon. The first change that MS shoppers will notice is a range of fair trade cotton T-shirts. About 20 million garments will be produced over the next 12 months, accounting for about a third of the worlds supply of fair trade cotton. Retailers fought to seize the green agenda throughout last year as environmental and fair trade issues had become increasingly important to shoppers and regulators. Marks and Spencers Mission, Vision, Values and Objectives Marks and Spencers corporate objectives are incorporated in its mission statement. This outlines what the business is and what it should be. Mission statements set out in writing what the firm wants to achieve and often include information on the values of the business. MS outlines its core business as clothing and Food. Its financial objectives is to deliver shareholder value in terms of increase returns, but also in terms of increase sales and market share in retailing. It beliefs and values are outlined as Our customers continue to see Marks Spencer as the place to shop for special food, produced to exacting standards. MS also sees its workforce as an important part of its plan and also considers modernising its stores as a key corporate objective. Vision: The standard against which all others are measured Mission: Making aspirational quality accessible to all Values: Quality, value, service, innovation and trust MS also outlines its corporate social responsibility in its mission statement and considers the needs of other stakeholders too. We have a strong tradition of corporate social responsibility (CSR) but we want to make sure CSR is integrated into our operations at every level Finally, MS also outlines its strategic intent (vision) in its corporate objectives. MS wants to continue its differentiation strategy by delivering freshness, quality and innovation. Strategic Implementation This process involves distribution of resources (financial, personnel, time, and technology support). The next step involves assigning tasks or responsibilities to specific individuals or groups to make the environment clean and it needs to disseminated into the company effectively and efficiently, monitoring the progress and results. Careful assessment of the process, controlling for variances and making the required adjustments form vital components of this process. Strategy Evaluation As the term suggests, this process includes evaluation of the efficacy of the organizational strategy implemented. Therefore, successful strategic management must include clearly defined objectives, careful assessment of both the internal and external situation to formulate the strategy, implementing the strategy and making the required adjustments as and when required. The company must possess a clear vision of its long term plans or a clear business vision. This also includes assessing the financial and strategic objectives. Financial objectives involve measures such as sales targets and earnings growth. Strategic objectives are related to the firms business position, and may include measures such as market share and reputation. (quickmba, 2007). The Environmental scan includes the following elements: Internal analysis of the firm, Analysis of the firms industry (task environment) and External macro environment (PEST  analysis). After deriving and inferring the information from the environmental scan the company should be able to carefully identify and address its weaknesses and external threats and evaluate its strengths. A competitive edge in the market in the market can be based on cost or differentiation.   The stage of implementation essentially involves distribution and organization of the companys resources and staff motivation to achieve the set objectives or goals. Evaluation and control includes monitoring the strategy and fine-tuning it as required. CONCLUSION After mid 1990s MS began to experience internal problems such as information flow breakdown and together with the fact that top management was concerned with international expansion MS was drifted away from its core values such as consumer care and customer satisfaction. MS failed to recognise that consumers were becoming wiser and its competitions much stronger. Most of consumers consider MS to be old fashioned company, this image has to be changed to be in line with the market demand and regain its lost customers to other competitors. Based on the analyses, the author feels that MS requires to be focus on its strategic plan therefore, in formulate a strategy envirmental analysis is required, which will be analysed through pestle, the current situation of Marks and Spencer is also captured then a strategic plan is constructed to overcome the barriers, then it is implemented and evaluated to ensure long-term success. Business must try and use as many tools as possible in order to come out with the best strategy for the organisation. However, firms must try and evade the limitations of these tools so as to formulate the best strategy.

Vietnamization (real Version) Essay -- essays research papers fc

Vietnam Controversy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s January 27th, 1973 and the Vietnam War is over. Peace agreements were signed in Paris by the South Vietnam Communist forces, North Vietnam, South Vietnam and the United States. The meeting lasted for several hours and in that time they agreed on many objectives, including: that U.S. troops would gradually withdraw from Vietnam and all prisoners of war would be released, South Vietnam had the right to choose their own future (whether or not to unite with North Vietnam), and North Vietnamese troops were given the right to remain in South Vietnam with idea that the troops could not be reinforced (â€Å"Vietnam War†). Even after the peace talks, fighting continued between the North and South Vietnamese. After the majority of American soldiers had left, North Vietnam went against all that was agreed on at the peace talks. On December 13, 1974 North Vietnam had started the invasion on the south. By April 30th, 1976, North Vietnamese tanks had occupied Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, with no trouble, and an evacuation began (see picture 1 & 2). On July 2nd, 1976, the country was united as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (â€Å"Vietnam War†). If the U.S. had stayed to finish the Vietnamization, there might have been a South Vietnam today. I feel that the U.S. should have never been involved in the war in the first place, however, under the unavoidable circumstances we should have stayed in South Vietnam and helped the country defend themselves on something we made them believe in. We poured so many resources into the war fighting for a cause that many Americans and people in general did not believe in, and to retreat from the South Vietnamese when they needed America’s help the most was very unfair. The Perspectives By comparing the views of Von Don’s Our Endless War Inside Vietnam and some views of â€Å"In Our Times†, I was able to conclude that some of the views from the 1970’s and some of the views of the 1990’s are very alike. Von Don saw differently than the average American, and had incredible insight as to what went wrong towards the fall of South Vietnam. The book seemed to back up everything that Von Don seemed to have a perspective on. I can at least say that the two statements did not conflict. Personal Conclusions Through reviewing both perspectives I came up with several conclusion about t... ... learn. Works Cited Brigham, Robert K. â€Å"The Fall of South Vietnam.† American Journey. Online.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15 March 2000. â€Å"Debate Between Sen. William Proxmire (D-Wisc.) And Sen. Barry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Goldwater (R-Ariz.) over Aid to South Vietnam.† U.S. Congress, 1974.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  American Journey. Online. 15 March 2000. â€Å"Part Six: Vietnam.† In class handout. â€Å"Protest note from the Government of the Republic of Vietnam (South   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vietnam) to the government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (North Vietnam).† Embassy in Washington Press. Washington Press.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Release No. 15/73, September 10, 1973. Rosenberg, Norman L. & Emily S. In Our Times: America Since World War  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   II. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 1999. Van Don, Tran. Our Endless War Inside Vietnam: Memoir of South   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vietnamese General. 1978. â€Å"Vietnam War.† Encarta 1998. CD-ROM. Redmond, WA: Microsoft, 1993 –  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1997.